Poetry
Literature that
evokes a concentrated imaginative awareness. common experience or a specific emotional
response through language chosen and arranged for its meaning, sound, and rhythm. “Dictionary definition” (“poetry”)
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Characteristics
Metre
When we read poetry, we put stress
on certain syllables. The pattern of stresses is called metre.
Five-stressed pentameter, three-stressed trimeter, the
four-stressed tetrameter, and the six-stressed hexameter. The units of stresses
and unstresses syllable is called feet. A feet may be iambic, trochee or a
three-syllable feet. In iambic feet unstressed syllable is followed by stressed
syllable and in trochee stressed is followed by an unstressed syllable.
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Verse form
A verse is a single line of poetry. Lines arranged in a certain
number are referred to as stanzas. And the whole structure of poem with
stanzas, rhyme and form is called verse form. A four-line stanza is called
quatrain, other are couplet (two lines), tercet (three), sestet (six), and
octet (eight). Spenserian stanza consisting of eight iambic pentameters
followed by one iambic hexameter.
Rhyme
Arrangement
of words with respect to their sounds.
In what distant deeps or
skies
Burnt the fire of thine eyes?
On what wings dare he aspire?
What the hand dare seize the fire?
Above is a
stanza from William black’s poem “The Tyger”. Now read the last word in each
line. The sound of the last word in first line matches with sound of the last
word in the second line and the sound of the last word in the third line
matches with sound of the last word in the fourth line. So, we can symbolize
the rhyme of this poem as AABB.
Prose Fiction
Prose fiction is the opposite of poetry. It is a separate genre in English literature which divided into sub-genres like novel, short story and novella.
While all kinds of prose fiction are narratives told or narrated by someone. Narrative has the following types.
1. Meta-narrative
A story inside a story.
Epistolary
Narrative in
which a lot of action takes through letters or emails between characters.
3. Free indirect discourse
When the
writer directly speaks to the reader.
4. Third person narrative
A narrative
in which characters speak.
Components
of Narrative
There are
three components of narrative plot, character and setting. Plot is the sequence
of development. Characters are the imagined people in the story and is the
environment in which the story goes on.
Sub-genres
of Prose Fiction.
There are three sub-genres of prose
fiction novel, short story and novella. Novel is long enough to be published as
a book itself. Short story is too short to be published as a book while novella
is in between the two.
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Plays and Films
A separate genre in English
literature meant especially for theater and cinema.
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Characteristics of plays
and films
The important characteristics of plays and film include dialogue,
diegesis and description. In plays everything is displayed through dialogue
between characters. Sometimes the writer places the hero in situation which
describe the scene, this are of displaying is called diegesis. And in recent plays
and films writer do use description to describe some background information.
Uncanny is another characteristic of plays and films. Uncanny
means that the viewers or reader have some suppressed roles which are played by
the protagonist and the same protagonist perform different roles in different films,
but reader is not affected by the real life or the different roles.
Narration in plays and films take place through images and
camera sometimes through the point of view of character and point of view
camera that can may be subjective or objective.
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Work
cited
“Poetry”.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, November 05, 2020, https://www.britannica.com/art/poetry.
Accessed
December
13, 2020.
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